Metal-working tool



Nov. 6 11923.

F. P. MILLER METAL WORKING TOOL Filed Jan. 31, 1923 g @Q mm Q Q m m w *N INVENTOR A MZJMeI.

A TTOR/VEYS fi w k. a??? QN WM WITNESSES Q R N E Patented Nov. 6, 123.

f sierra STATES flames arena est tes,

Ann 1?. mint. 5:; or iuvfntn, rnnns rnv.

" METAL-W06: T001 Application filed January 31, 1923. Serial No. 616,171.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK P. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resi dent of Meadville, in the county of Crawford and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal-Working Tools, of which the following is a specification.

' This invention relates to metal working tools of the expansible type;

Briefly stated the purpose of this invention is to provide a tool that will ream two or more holes in accurate alignment, that may be increased or decreased in diameter quickly and easily, that can be manufactured easily and inexpensively, and in which the 'aws or blades are held in place by simp e and effective means.

In carrying out the invention the work engaging blades or members are encircled and held in position by pairs ofretaining springs, each one of which engages alternate blades and by reason of this arrangement the number of bearing points for each spring is reduced to a minimum so that the work engaging members are all held in position with a substantially uniform degree of spring pressure.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this application and in which like numerals are employed to designatelike parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a'vertical sectional view, through the improved tool in use,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the tool.

Figure 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure a is a perspective of a guide bushin employed in the invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective illustrating the stepped surfaces at the ends of the blades.

1n the drawing the numeral 10 designates a cylindrical body having a shank 11, the terminal portion of which is squared or otherwise formed for engagement with an,

actuating member.

In carryingout the invention the body 10 is formed with a plurality oflongitudinally extending grooves 14 which gradually increase in depth toward one end of the reamer so that the cutting diameter of the blades 16 positioned therein may be varied.

Figures 1 and 5 illustrate that the ends of theblades or work en aging members 16 are beveled as indicated at 18 and the inner sides of the adjusting collars 20 are provided with corresponding bevels so that if desired the collars may be tightly engaged with the ends of the blades for positively holding the same in position.

The-blades or work contact members 16 may also be-held in position by means of helical springs 24 arranged in pairs at the end portions of thebla'cles. Each sprin 24: does not exert a spring pressure on all t e blades but engages each alternate blade and consequently the number of bearing points for the springs are reduced to a mimium.

More specifically the ends of'theblades are recessed and the bottom walls ofthe recesses are stepped as indicated at 25 and 26 for engagement with the pairs of springs 24. With reference to Figures 3 and 5 it will be seen that the steps 25 and 26 of a given blade are arranged opposite the steps of the adjacent blades so that eachspring has pressure contact with every other blade.

Assuming that there are six blades, each spring will have pressure contact with three blades and the associated spring will have pressure contact with the three other blades whereby all the blades are held in position with a more or less uniform degree of spring pressure.

Figure 3 illustrates that the ends of the several helical springs are extended inwardlyto form lugs 30 which are positioned between any pair of blades so as to prevent the rotation of the springs beyond a predetermined degree and to prevent the ends of the springs from being accidentally positioned onopposite sides of one blade as the result of the forced expansion of the springs when the cutting diameter of the tool is The line reamer illustrated is formed wit too a stem 40 upon which a guide bushing 41 is slidably mounted and the bushing is formed with a series of longitudinal grooves d2 for the reception of work engaging b t :1

or jaws 43 by means of which the bushing is securely held in one of the aligned wrist pin open ngs 46 of a piston 48. It is obvious, of course, that the reamer is capable of general application and is'not restricted to use in connection with pistons. The grooves 42 gradually increase in depth toward one end so that the jaws 43 may be positioned for engaging the walls'of differ- .ent sized openings and the jawsmay be move with the same.

The-several work engaging members 43 are held in position in the grooves by means of a helical spring 50, which spring is received in recesses 51 in the outer sides of the jaws. The ends of the spring 50 are extended inwardly to form lugs 52 confined between any pair of jaws so as to limit the rotation of the spring. It willbe seen that the spring may increase or decrease in di-' ameter when the members 43 are moved longitudinally by advancing or retracting the collar 44. Y

With reference to the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing it will be seen that a 'but mechanical expressions of the invention reamer constructed in accordance with this invention will ream two or more holes in accurate ali ment and that the cutting diameter of t e tool may be readily varied. Furthermore the arrangement of the springs in pairs to eng e alternate blades provides an extremely rehable means for holding the blades in position.

The improved rea'm'er may be economically manufactured and employed without a radical departure from prevailing shop practices. Each spring is provided with a plurality of coils which act to hold the work engaging members in position with a uniform de gree of spring pressure. Further, by the employment of a helicalspring the radial expansion of the device is efliciently .pro-

vided for and when the cutting diameter of the tool is reduced the helical spring will quickly contract and hold the blades in their operative position.

The inventive idea involved in this application may also be carried out in connection with expansible mandrels and the like and it is to be understood that the forms of the invention herewith shown and described are and that such minor changes in arrangement and construction of parts: may be made as will remain within the spirit of the in en tion and the scope of what is claimed.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim 1s:

I 1. A tool comprising a body having gradually deepened grooves, work engaging blades mounted in said grooves and having.

cesses and engaging the contact surfaces of alternate recesses, the ends of said helical spring being extended inwardly to form stops adapted for engagement by said work engaging members.

3. A tool having a body provided with gradually deepened grooves, work engaging members mounted in said grooves and having recesses provided with stepped contact surfaces, and a plurality of annular springs received in said recesses and engaging the contact surfaces of alternate recesses whereby all work engaging members aresubj ected to substantially uniform spring pressure.

4. A tool having a body provided with gradually deepened grooves, work enga 'ng members mounted in said grooves and h a ing recesses provided with stepped contact surfaces, and a plurality of .annular springs received in said recesses and engagin the contact surfaces of alternate recesses w ereby all work engaging members are subjected to sub stantially uniform spring pressure, the ends of the springs being formed with stop members to limit the rotationof the springs with relation to work engaging members.

5. A tool comprising a body having rooves, work engaging members positioned in said grooves, and a helical spring encircling the work engaging members and having inwardly extending end portions confined between certain of the work engaging members constituting lugs by means of which the rotation of the spring is limited with relation to the work engaging members.

6. A tool comprising a body having gradually deepened grooves, work engaging members positioned in said grooves, a spring garages engaging members, said springs H teriorly arranged and received in said regesses.

' 8. A tool comprising a body having grad 5 ually deepened grooves, work engaglng members positioned in said grooves and having recesses, a spring encircling the work engaging members and having pressure contact with alternate work engaging members,

1 a second spring encircling and haying pres- 1 for positioning said work engaging memhers.

9. A toolcomprising a body having grooves, work engaging members mounted in said grooves and having recesses provided with stepped contact surfaces, and

pairs of helical springs received in said recesses and having a plurality of coils engaging the contact surfaces of alternating recesses. a

10. Atool comprisinga body having gradually deepened grooves, work engaging blades mounted in said grooves and he recesses, and a helical spring having a plurality of coils received in said recesses for holding the blades in position, the ends of said helical springs being formed with stops adapted to engage the adjacent blades to limit the rotation of the springs.

11:. A tool cbmprising a body having plurality of longitufinal grooves gradually deepening toward one end, work engaging members received in said grooves, a helical spring having a plurality of coils encircling and engaging the work engaging members whereby to hold the same in position, said work engaging members being provided with recesses receiving said coils, and an adjusting collar threaded on said body.

12. A tool comprising a body, a plurality of work engaging members adjustahly mounted thereon and having stepped contact surfaces, and separate springs surrounding the work engaging members and having pressure engagement with alternate contact surfaces.

FR -1P. MER, 

